Showing posts with label freeze damage. Show all posts
Showing posts with label freeze damage. Show all posts

Friday, January 23, 2015

Food Police Strike Again!


Hembree Brandon from Delta Farm Press recently wrote an article about the issues with food and dietary issues in America.

We all chuckle at the Chick-fil-A TV commercials in which cows stare balefully at hamburger-consuming humans and wear crudely-lettered signs saying “Eat Mor Chikin.”

And we snicker at the anti-animal agriculture folks who lambaste cows as culprits in global warming because of the methane they produce from belching/flatulence (anywhere from 25 gallons to 50-plus gallons per cow per day they contend).

For years, they've advocated less meat in our diets (even “meatless Mondays”) and more plant-based foods, such as beans, lentils, nuts, and grains (and one wonders, doesn't this kind of diet swap animal gases for human gases?).

There’s little doubt millions of Americans, and particularly we southerners, eat too much of less-than-healthy foods — one has only to check the stats on obesity and all the ills that engenders, chief among them diabetes, which has become rampant in many areas of the country.

The alarming trend of obesity in school age kids, along with high blood pressure and pre-diabetes, has led to the banishment of snack/soft drink machines in many school systems and the USDA has decreed that schools should serve healthier, more nutritious foods in their meal programs.

Now, though, the food police are reported taking a new tack on forthcoming guidelines. A draft proposal to the USDA by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, is said to recommend diets lower in meat-based foods and higher in plant-based foods as not only better for humans — but healthier for the environment.

Wait just a minute, say ag organizations, it’s one thing to advocate for healthier diets, but adding an environmental component goes too far. A cattleman’s organization terms it “absurd,” and members of Congress from agricultural states are jumping into the fray — in the massive $1.1 trillion government spending bill approved last month, Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack was enjoined to include only nutrition/dietary recommendations, not “extraneous factors” in the final guidelines.

Current USDA dietary “food pyramid” guidelines — which are updated every five years — suggest that people should eat lean meats, but reports are that the advisory panel has considered whether that language should be continued. The panel’s December draft recommendations noted that a healthy diet should include fewer red meats and processed meats than currently consumed by Americans.

In its work over the past year, the panel is reported to have debated the possibility of including sustainability as a dietary goal with “lesser environmental impact.”

North American Meat Institute President and CEO Barry Carpenter, says the change, “made behind closed doors during a lunch break” isn't ‘rooted in science” and doesn't “ make good public policy.”  He terms the action “arbitrary and capricious” and says the committee “fails to recognize the nutritional value lean meat offers and is ignoring the scientific evidence supporting its inclusion in the American diet.”

Tuesday, September 16, 2014

Managing Wheat this Winter


Becks Hybird's put together a wheat management plan to follow.  They published it on Agriculture.com.  The following is the plan in a nutshell.

Wheat Management

September is upon us and that means wheat planting time.  Many farmers are getting ready to harvest their soybeans.  Although this year it looks like harvest will be later than normal.  The question for most is when do I plant wheat?  It's pretty simple.  The earlier the better.

Early Planted Wheat Offers the Following Advantages

  1. Better emergence and fall growth.
  2. More tillers will form in the fall with early planting.
  3. Tillers that form in the fall have larger heads than tillers formed in the spring.
  4. Less heaving the following spring if the nodal roots start to establish.

There Are Some Potential Disadvantages to Planting Early


  1. Hessian Fly could become an issue.  Although this hasn't been an issue recently, it's best to plant after the fly free date.  See the chart above to get an idea what your date would be.  Planting prior to the fly free date can cause issues with aphids which can transmit barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV).  BYDV hurts more when the plant gets the disease in the fall compared to the spring.
  2. Early planting may cause leaf diseases in the fall which is more dangerous than in the spring.
  3. The earlier you the plant the earlier the wheat will try to come out in winter.  This is influenced by genetics more so than planting date.  A late spring frost will hurt plants coming out too early.
Despite all this the potential higher yield out weighs all the dangers associated with planting early.  It is in my opinion to go ahead and plant as soon as possible.  Good luck.

Friday, September 12, 2014

The Clock is Ticking on Cover Crops


Harvest looks like it may be coming later this year than normal.  This poses a serious problem of when to plant cover crops into corn.  Most cover crops need five to six weeks of growth to be able to withstand the winter hardiness.

Cereal rye can be planted later than most.  It can still grow at 34 degrees F.

The question is when is the right time to aerial supply serial rye to a corn field.  If you apply too soon when the corn is still green you may not get the seed to the ground and the sun may not reach through the crop canopy.  On the other hand, if you wait to close to harvest, you may not give enough time for growth before winter.  The time to look for is when the sunlight is hitting the soil roughly 50% of the time.

Wheat fields that did not have a crop after harvest have much more flexibility to plant cover crops now.  Your options are wide open.  The Midwest Cover Crop Council has excellent information to help you with cover crop selection.  Just go to their Cover Crop Decision Tool to find more info.

Agriculture.com has found the following chart also gives some good information about when to plant cover crops.  As you can see we are in the prime time as to when to plant.


Ryan Moore is the cove crops specialist with Becks who came up with this chart.  You may email him rmoore@beckshybrids.com, contact your local dealer or seed adviser for more information.

Tuesday, July 8, 2014

Harvest Tips


Wheat harvest has begun across the country.  Agriculture.com wanted to give you a few tips about harvesting and double planting soybeans.

The ideal moisture to harvest wheat is between 20% to 14%.  Below 14% you'll start to see yield loss.  Rain can also lower test weight and quality if below 14%.  Air drying the wheat will give you the best quality.  For long term storage make sure the wheat is dried to 12.5%.

If you notice head scab, be sure to increase your fan speed and use air to blow out the light, discolored kernels.  If you're going to store wheat with head scab, be sure to dry it quickly down to 13% to help stop the spread.  Below is a picture of wheat with head scab.


Remember that 17 kernels per square foot left behind the combine is about 1 bu./A.

Cut the wheat at 8 to 12 inches.  The taller stubble helps maintain soil moisture and encourages more height from the double crop soybeans.

If you are planning to store to stubble, keep in mind the fertilizer you are removing.  Wheat straw can remove 0.68 lbs of P205 per bushel and 2.03 lbs of K20 per bushel.  So 80 bushel wheat straw will remove 54.4 lbs of P205 and 162.4 lbs of K20.

If you are not planning on baling the straw, be sure to setup your combine to spread evenly across the field.  This will help even out double planting soy beans.

Double Planting Soybeans

When planting double crop soybeans select a medium to long season variety.  It normally takes soybeans 90 days to mature, so be sure to give yourself time for the average first frost.  


For the best double crop, make sure to plant 15" rows and narrow.  We want to encourage fast growth and a quick canopy.  Plant higher than normal populations, most double crop soybeans are planted in 15" rows at 200,000+ and 220,000+.

The most important thing to remember is to plant with good moisture.  Good seed to soil contact with moisture equals quick emergence and a higher yield.

Friday, April 18, 2014

Wheat Damage Likely


The freezing temperatures we saw mid-April have led many to believe the Wheat crop may have been damaged.

According to an interview on South West Farm Press, Jeff Edwards from Oklahoma State Extension who is a wheat specialist said, "Most of Oklahoma spent at least four hours below freezing last night and some areas spent an extended period of time below 28 degrees.  While temperatures in the wheat canopy might have remained slightly higher than reported air temperatures, they were still probably low enough to result in significant injury to wheat."

The one thing that may save it all is that most farmers weren't able to plant til late this season..

Generally, when wheat is flowering, freeze damage can occur when temperatures are as high as 32 degrees and stay there for more than two hours or more says Clark Neely, AgriLife Extension small grains and oil seeds specialist in College Station Texas.

There is no way of telling what kind of damage the crop has suffered for another week or two.

Neely said, "It really depends upon the weather after the freeze.  If it becomes hot and dry, we'll see symptoms a lot sooner.  If it stays cool, it'll take a little bit longer for those symptoms to show up."

"Kansas wheat may be damaged as well," said Jim Shroyer, Kansas State Research and Extension crop production specialist.  "Wheat in the jointing stage is most at risk."